Historically, the applications of the Amnio-M in medical therapy started in the early 1900, when Davis proposed its application in skin transplantation. Cells of the Amnio-M are essential for regulating the development of the embryo by providing several cytokines and growth factors and contributing to the extracellular matrix (ECM) production. These layers comprise two types of cells: the amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) and the amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSCs). The latter consists of a compact layer, a fibroblast layer, and finally, a spongy outer layer. The Amnio-M comprises three layers, an epithelial layer toward the fetus, a basement membrane, and a stroma. The most inner part of the placenta in direct contact with the fetus is called the amniotic membrane (Amnio-M).
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